Lifecycle
JPA entities go through a series of states as they are modified.
States

State
Description
New
Doesn't exist in the DB as is not handled by the entity manager
Managed
Persisted into DB and handled by the entity manager
Detached
Removed from the entity manager, but still persisted in the DB
Removed
Deleted from the DB

Only the managed and removed states interact directly with the database. This requires an open transaction to work.
Callback Methods
There is a series of annotations, such as @PrePersist or @PostLoad, which can be used to interact with persistence events through callback methods.
These can be useful for auditing or initializing values.
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